TY  - BOOK
AU  - Spellman,Frank R.
AU  - Bieber,Revonna M.
TI  - The science of renewable energy
SN  - 9781439825020 (hardcover : alk. paper)
AV  - TJ808 .S685 2011
U1  - 621.042 23
PY  - 2011///
CY  - Boca Raton, FL
PB  - CRC Press
KW  - Renewable energy sources
N1  - Includes bibliographical references and index; Machine generated contents note; The Gathering Storm --; Peak Oil --; Hirsch Report --; A Malthusian Catastrophe? --; Blame or Tame? --; Weathering the Storm --; Alternative and Renewable Energy --; The Bottom Line: The Need for Innovation --; Discussion Questions --; References and Recommended Reading --; Energy --; Types of Energy --; Measuring Energy --; Heat Engines --; Rankine Cycle Heat Engine --; Stirling Cycle Heat Engine --; Principles of Basic Electricity --; Nature of Electricity --; Structure of Matter --; Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulators --; Static Electricity --; Charged Bodies --; Coulomb's Law --; Electrostatic Fields --; Magnetism --; Magnetic Materials --; Magnetic Earth --; Difference in Potential --; Water Analogy --; Principal Methods for Producing Voltage --; Electric Current --; Resistance --; Battery-Supplied Electricity --; Battery Terminology --; Voltaic Cell --; Primary and Secondary Cells --; Battery --; Battery Operation --; Combining Cells --; Types of Batteries; Battery Characteristics --; DC Circuits --; Schematic Representation --; Ohm's Law --; Electric Power --; Electrical Power Calculations --; Electric Energy --; Series DC Circuit Characteristics --; DC Resistance --; DC Current --; Voltage --; DC Power --; Summary of Rules for Series DC Circuits --; General DC Series Circuit Analysis --; Kirchoff's Voltage Law --; Polarity of Voltage Drops --; Series Aiding and Opposing Sources --; Kirchoff's Law and Multiple-Source Solutions --; Ground --; Open and Short Circuits --; Parallel DC Circuits --; Parallel Circuit Characteristics --; Voltage in Parallel Circuits --; Current in Parallel Circuits --; Parallel Circuits and Kirchoff's Current Law --; Parallel Resistance --; The Reciprocal Method --; Product over Sum Method --; Reduction to an Equivalent Circuit --; Power in Parallel Circuits --; Rules for Solving Parallel DC Circuits --; Series[-]Parallel Circuits --; Solving a Series[-]Parallel Circuit --; Conductors --; Unit Size of Conductors --; Square Mil --; Circular Mil --; Circular-Mil-Foot --; Resistivity; Wire Measurement --; Factors Governing Selection of Wire Size --; Copper vs. Other Metal Conductors --; Wire Temperature Coefficients --; Conductor Insulation --; Conductor Splices and Terminal Connections --; Soldering Operations --; Solderless Connectors --; Insulation Tape --; Electromagnetism --; Magnetic Field around a Single Conductor --; Polarity of a Single Conductor --; Field around Two Parallel Conductors --; Magnetic Field of a Coil --; Polarity of an Electromagnetic Coil --; Strength of an Electromagnetic Field --; Magnetic Units --; Properties of Magnetic Materials --; Permeability --; Hysteresis --; Electromagnets --; AC Theory --; Basic AC Generator --; Cycle --; Frequency, Period, and Wavelength --; Characteristic Values of AC Voltage and Current --; Peak Amplitude --; Peak-to-Peak Amplitude --; Instantaneous Amplitude --; Effective or RMS Value --; Average Value --; Resistance in AC Circuits --; Phase Relationships --; Inductance --; Inductance: What Is It? --; Unit of Inductance --; Self-Inductance --; Growth and Decay of Current in an RL Series Circuit; L/R Time Constant --; Mutual Inductance --; Calculation of Total Inductance --; Capacitance --; The Capacitor --; Dielectric Materials --; Unit of Capacitance --; Factors Affecting Value of Capacitance --; Voltage Rating of Capacitors --; Charge and Discharge of an RC Series Circuit --; RC Time Constant --; Capacitors in Series and Parallel --; Types of Capacitors --; Ultracapacitors --; Ultracapacitor Operation --; Inductive and Capacitive Reactance --; Inductive Reactance --; Capacitive Reactance --; Phase Relationships for R,L, and C Circuits --; Impedance --; Power in Reactive Circuits --; AC Circuit Theory --; Series RLC Circuit --; Parallel RLC Circuits --; Power in AC Circuits --; Generators --; DC Generators --; AC Generators --; Motors --; DC Motors --; Brushless DC Motor --; AC Motors --; Induction Motors (Polyphase) --; Synchronous Motors --; Single-Phase Motors --; Split-Phase Motor --; Capacitor Motor --; Shaded-Pole Motor --; Repulsion-Start Motor --; AC Series Motor --; Transformers --; Power Distribution System Protection --; Fuses --; Circuit Breakers; Control Devices --; Electrical Drawings --; Electrical Symbols --; Types of Electrical Drawings --; Architectural Drawings --; Circuit Drawings --; Ladder Drawing --; Discussion and Review Questions --; References and Recommended Reading --; Introduction --; Concentrating Solar Power --; Linear Concentrators --; Parabolic Trough Systems --; Fresnel Reflector Systems --; Dish/Engine Systems --; Power Tower Systems --; Thermal Energy Storage --; Two-Tank Direct System --; Two-Tank Indirect System --; Single-Tank Thermocline System --; Photovoltaics --; Domestic and Industrial Use of Solar Energy --; Solar Hot Water --; Space Heating --; General Motors Battery Plant --; Water Heating --; Space Cooling --; Let There Be Natural Light --; Lighting Technologies --; Lamps --; Incandescent Lamps --; Fluorescent Lamps --; Compact Fluorescent Lamps --; High-Intensity Discharge Lamps --; Low-Pressure Sodium Lamps --; Solid-State Lighting --; Ballasts --; Luminaires (Lighting Fixtures) --; Lighting Controls --; Daylighting --; The Bottom Line on Solar Energy --; Discussion and Review Questions; Minor Head Loss --; Reservoir Stored Energy --; Water Turbines --; Impulse Turbine --; Reaction Turbine --; Advanced Hydropower Technology --; Hydropower Generation: Dissolved Oxygen Concerns --; The Bottom Line on Hydropower --; Discussion and Review Questions --; References and Recommended Reading --; Introduction --; Biomass --; Feedstock Types --; Composition of Biomass --; Starch (Glucose) --; Lignocellulosic Biomass --; Cellulose --; Hemicellulose --; Lignin --; Oils and Protein --; Plant Basics --; Plant Terminology --; The Plant Cell --; Vascular Plants --; Leaves --; Chlorophyll and Chloroplasts --; Photosynthesis --; Roots --; Growth in Vascular Plants --; Plant Hormones --; Tropisms --; Photoperiodism --; Plant Reproduction --; Plant Cell Walls --; Feedstocks --; First-Generation Feedstocks --; Second-Generation Feedstocks: Short-Term Availability --; Second-Generation Feedstocks: Long Term Availability --; Bioethanol Production by Dry Corn Mill Process --; Gasoline Gallon Equivalent --; Pros and Cons of Bioethanol --; Corn for Ethanol Production or Food Supply?; The Brazilian Example --; Biomass for Biopower --; Biomass for Bioproducts --; Classes of Bioproducts --; Biodiesel --; Algae to Biodiesel --; Characteristics of Algal Divisions --; Algal Biomass --; Open-Pond Algae Farms --; Jatropha to Biodiesel --; Pros and Cons of Biodiesel --; Biogas (Methane, CH4) --; Anaerobic Digestion --; Stages of Anaerobic Digestion --; Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Biosolids (Sludge) --; Anaerobic Digestion of Agricultural Wastes --; Landfill Biogas --; The Bottom Line on Biofuels --; Discussion and Review Questions --; References and Recommended Reading --; Introduction --; Geothermal Timeline --; Geothermal Energy as a Renewable Energy Source --; Geothermal Energy: The Basics --; Earth's Layers --; Crustal Plates --; Convergent Boundaries --; Divergent Boundaries --; Transform Boundaries --; Energy Conversion --; Geothermal Power Plant Technologies --; Dry-Steam Power Plants --; Flash-Steam Power Plants --; Binary-Cycle Power Plants --; Enhanced Geothermal Systems --; Geothermal Heat Pumps --; Types of Geothermal Heat Pumps --; Closed-Loop Systems; Open-Loop System --; The Bottom Line on Geothermal Energy --; Discussion and Review Questions --; References and Recommended Reading --; Introduction --; Oceans and Their Margins --; The Ocean Floor --; Ocean Tides, Currents, and Waves --; Tides --; Currents --; Waves --; Coastal Erosion, Transportation, and Deposition --; Wave Erosion --; Marine Transportation --; Marine Deposition --; Wave Energy --; Wave Energy: Facts, Parameters, and Equations --; Wave Height --; Deep Water Waves --; Intermediate Depth Waves --; Shallow Water Waves --; Group Velocity --; Wave Energy Conversion Technology --; Tidal Energy --; Tidal Energy Technologies --; Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion --; Ocean Energy Conversion Process --; Types of OTEC Technologies --; The Bottom Line on Ocean Energy --; Discussion and Review Questions --; References and Recommended Reading --; Fuel Cells: The Basics --; Open Cells vs. Closed Cells; Note continued; Hydrogen Fuel Cells: A Realistic View --; Hydrogen Storage --; How a Hydrogen Fuel Cell Works --; Discussion and Review Questions --; References and Recommended Reading
ER  -